While in the previous years the Board of Appeal (BoA) mostly had to deal with appeals challenging decisions of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) under dossier evaluation, appeal proceedings on decisions of ECHA under substance evaluation have been concluded for the first time in 2015. These have to be regarded as landmark decisions defining fundamental guidelines to be followed by ECHA within the substance evaluation process. Moreover, essential procedural aspects are clarified by the BoA.